北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2021.5.15
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part i?reading comprehension??(30%)
directions: there are three passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. you should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
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passage 1
questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
fried food?is delicious,?but it comes with baggage?-?studies have shown that it can increase the risk风险 of heart disease 心脏病and stroke（中风）. ever since?air fryers（空气炸锅）came out, they have been?ranked as?“must-have home cooker炊具”?status, and itve been deep fried.深度煎炸
to learn the benefits 优点/益处of air frying, we spoke to some food specialists专家 from around?the country.
lets not shrink the miracle奇迹 of air frying: its having your cake and eating it too. “air fryers are one of the best ways to get the same taste of fried foods?without the unhealthiness 不健康的方面that comes along with them,”?bansari acharya said.?“it preserves保存 the good things in the food items as it isnt exposed to?暴露在。。。hot oil. it also reduces the amount of various fats脂肪 in foods, lowering the risk for heart disease.”
when compared with对比 deep frying, air frying is clearly the healthier choice. thats because deep frying involves using too much oil while对比 air frying simply uses heat and a powerful fan to efficiently and evenly cook the food in your fryer. it requires zero oil零油, though some can be helpful. “since food prepared in an air fryer requires hardly any cooking oil, it has a lot less fat than traditional frying methods,” morgyn clair said. “the healthiest way to air fry is to use as little oil as possible. use just enough so your food doesnt?stick粘.”
(76)the type of food youre air frying can make a difference有不同，带来差异 when it comes to your health.?certain foods can turn more nutritious（有营养的）when air fried，such as potatoes, corn and beans and so on while other foods like meat can become harmful to?对。。。有害your health.
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1. the word baggage?in paragraph 1 probably means_______.猜词
a. bag
b. pack
c. flavor 风味
d. burden 负担
2. which of the following statements is true?about air fryers? 判断正误题
a. air fryers have been regarded as necessary in the kitchen.
b. air fryers need much more oil in cooking a vegetable.
c. air fryers can only be used for deep frying.
d. air fryers can increase fat in food.
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3. the miracle?of air fryers is that______. 细节题
a. they can achieve the deep fried taste with hardly几乎不 any oil
b. they can preserve the nutritious elements in food by using oil
c. they can work more efficiently

than traditional frying tools
d. they can also fry cakes but the size does not shrink
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4. which of the following can be the title of?this passage? 主旨题—概括性强
a. air fryers reducing heart disease
b. deep frying and air fryers
c. air fryers and fried food
d. advantages of air fryers
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5. according to morgyn clair,?______.?细节题
a. air frying is healthier because it needs some special oil
b.?air frying is the best choice because it involves using much less oil
c. air frying does not differ from与。。。不同?deep frying
d. air frying does not provide the deep fried taste
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passage?2
questions?6?to?10 are based on the following passage:
as any parent with more than one kid knows,?sibling（兄弟姐妹）relationships can be complicated复杂的, at times 有时differing between being close friends朋友 and rivals对手.
sibling rivaling竞争，对手 in particular can be a challenge挑战 to deal with in normal times平常, but with many families spending more time together than ever because of the worldwide pandemic（大流行病）in 2020 and online（在线的）schooling, that can create even more tension紧张/压力 in some sibling relationships.
(77) “sibling rivalry is hard to deal with处理,” rebecca kennedy says. “the first step is realizing that kids?do?强调/确实often see siblings as rivals. it attention or love.”
one thing that parents can do to remove 消除jealousy 嫉妒and rivalry 敌对is to help each child feel valued受重视 in his or her specialness独特性. janine domingues says: “fix some space-itll see siblings as friends and not rivals.”
(78)the other is to avoid?comparing siblings with 对比each other.?itre reinforcing competition?by pitting?siblings against each other. she says:?“sometimes it feels like the easier way to get a child to do something that a sibling is doing, but we are then getting them into?gazing at盯着看 each other as rivals again, rather than as friends.”
6. an obvious fact?with siblings is that______.?细节题
a. they seldom see each other as friends
b. they?never?see each other as close friends
c. they always see each other as enemies敌人
d. they sometimes see each other as competitors
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7. which of the following statements about paragraph 2 is true? 判断正误题
a. the pandemic has made sibling relationships normal.
b. the pandemic has reduced减少 the tension for siblings to do online schooling.
c. the pandemic has helped to make sibling relationships closer. 亲密
d. the pandemic has increased the toughness困难紧张 for siblings to get along.
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8.the reason?for sibling rivalry is that siblings usually______.细节题
a. compete for竞争 parents?attention or love
b. endure being compared with each other
c. like to do something that parents are doing
d. differ between close friends and rivals
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9. the word pitting?in the last paragraph probably means making someone______.?猜题题
a. create 创造
b. reinforce 加强
c.?compete 竞争
d.?encourage 鼓励
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10. the passage is mainly about______.主旨题
a. sibling competition and parents attention
b. sibling rivalry and the solution
c. sibling equality 平等and the approach
d. sibling closeness and family love
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passage 3
questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
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when asked about the possibility of future pandemics流行病, scientists say another one is coming and its just a matter of when. 时间问题
in fact, there are about?1.7 million?viruses（病毒）that are believed to exist in animals, and nearly half?could potentially jump from animals to humans?and kick off?another pandemic. finding ways to prevent that is?the motivation driving a team of researchers at the university of california at davis. they are trying to help?the worlds scientists determine how dangerous each virus might be?by ranking分级 its likelihood可能性 of being transmitted（传染）to humans and changing into a form that humans could easily?pass to one another.人传人
the team has launched a web-based tool?called spillover.?it evaluates 32 risk factors to generate a risk score. “we looked at viruses known to be transmissible from animals to humans and those that were newly discovered, says zoe grange, who worked on the?project as a wildlife disease?scientist. by?marking“high-risk”viruses,?this publicly available database is intended to create a watchlist（观察名单）for scientists and policymakers.
(79) grange and her colleagues?came up with the idea of a ranking tool in the spring of 2017.?the spillover database is designed so that researchers can add their own reports. they can add their virus discoveries and do their own rankings. (80) its a tool everyone can use.?unlike other tools that evaluate the risk of a limited number of viruses,?this database focuses on?887 viruses found in wildlife. sars-cov-2,?which is the virus behind covid-19, comes in second place for its likelihood to cause disease and spread within human populations.
11.which of the following is the best title?for the passage? 主旨题
a. the possibility of future pandemics
b. the spillover database
c. major threats to global health
d. animals spreading viruses
12. according to the passage, about?______?viruses could possibly jump from animals?to humans.?细节题
a. 1.7 million
b. 850,000
c.?2017
d.?887
13. the phrase kick off?in paragraph 2 probably means______.?猜词题
a. avoid 避免
b.?control 控制
c. start 开启，开始
d. report 报告
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14.with spillover,?scientists can______.?细节题
a. prevent the next pandemic
b. discover more viruses in nature自然界
c. find effective ways to fight the viruses
d. pay close attention to high-risk viruses?
15. according to the passage,?which of the following statements is not true? 判断正误题
a. scientists say its only a matter of time before another pandemic happens.
b. researchers can add their virus discoveries to the spillover database.
c. spillover ranks viruses in terms of risk factors.
d. spillover evaluates the risk of a limited number of viruses.
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part ii? vocabulary and structure??(30%)
directions: in this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. for each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
16.?not until he talked过去式 to them?______?that he had been wrong. 否定词放前面，引起句子的倒装
a. did he realize
b. he realized
c. has he realized
d. he didnt realize
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17. it is because?she is too young?______?she does not know how to deal with the?situation.
a. so
b. that
c. so that
d.?therefore
强调句
it is +被强调的部分+that（who强调人）+其他的成分
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18.?alice,?together with/along with / with ?two boys,?______?for having broken the school rule违反学校规定.
a. was punished
b. were punished
c. punished
d. being punished
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19. after living in hong kong for fifty years, he returned to the small town?______?he?was born and grew up as a child.
a. which
b.?that
c. where
d. when
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20. the moon gives?______?no light of its own.
a. off 发出，发光
b. up 放弃
c. in 屈服
d. away
21. the announcement says that the class meeting will be?______?at 7 oclock tuesday?evening.
a. taken
b. made
c. placed
d.?held
hold a meeting 召开
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22. the price?of sea food is very?______?during the spring festival.
a.?expensive 海鲜很贵
b. high 价格很高
c. valuable 有价值的
d. worthy 值得
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23. i suggest that you?______?him go out if he wants to.
a.?promise
b. agree
c.?let
d.?allow
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let sb do sth
allow sb to do sth
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24. she cleans her room once a week,?and it usually?______?her two hours to do it.
a.?spends
b.?works
c. takes
d.?passes
it takes sb some time to do sth?
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25. weve run?______?paper and ink. please go and ask miss elaine to lend us some.
a. away with
b. out of
c. off
d.?down
run out of 用光，用尽
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26. can you?______?the difference between these two pictures?
a. say
b. talk
c. tell 区别，辨别
d. speak
tell the difference 辨别不同
27. i was shocked at the magnificent scene景象?______lay before my eyes.
a. what
b. which?定语从句
c. where
d. when
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28. the police are looking?______the crime.
a. up
b. at
c. in
d.?into
look into 调查
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29. they havent finished?their homework?______.
a.?still 肯定句
b. also
c. neither
d.?yet?与否定句搭配在一起使用，还，仍旧
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30.?peter ______?sadly?as he failed for the second time.
a.?sighed 啜泣
b.?signed 签订
c. signaled 信号
d. surprised 奇怪
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31.?among these foreign students,?______?of them are from english-speaking?countries.
a. two third
b.?two three
c. two thirds
d. two threes
分母是序数词
分子是基数词，决定单复数
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32. when i first met jenny three years ago当。。。。时候, she?______?at a big company.
a. has worked
b. was working
c. had been working
d.?had worked
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33. something is wrong with my phone. i must go and have it?______.
a. repair
b. repairing
c. to repair
d.?repaired??????把。。。做了have?sth done
34. the students are busy ______?for the final examination right now.
a. prepare
b.?preparing
c. to prepare
d. to be prepared
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
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35. it was a lovely day yesterday. i wish i?______?at the seaside with you then.===at that time 对过去的一种愿望，虚拟语气
a. were
b. had been?
c. should be
d.?shall have been
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36. i hate those people who think they are superior?______?me without any reason.
a.?at
b. on
c. to
d. than
be superior to?比。。。要优，要好
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37. – when did you work in that company?
-?i worked there?______?2009 and 2012.
a. from 。。。to
b. to
c. between
d.?till
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38. food and shelter are?______?for human beings.
a.?special 特殊的
b. especial 特别是
c. essential 基本的
d.?exceptional 特例的
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39. mary wouldnt have made?such a stupid mistake if she?______?in such a hurry.
a. has been
b.?hasnt been
c. had been
d. hadnt been?对过去时间的虚拟
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40. henry?______?in that factory for almost 40 years by now到目前为止.
a. has been working?现在完成进行时
b.?had been working
c.?works
d.?worked
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41.-?must?we hand in上交?our homework today?
– ______.
a.?no,?you mustnt
b. no,?you shouldnt
c. no,?you wouldnt
d. no,?you neednt?没有必要
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42. we didnt?______?the weather to change so quickly.
a.?extend 伸长
b. expect 预料，期待
c. expand 扩大
d.?explain 解释
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43. one of my friends?______?the news just now.
a. afforded me
b. afforded me of
c. informed me
d. informed me of
inform sb of sth 告诉/通知某人某件事情
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44.there is no use+doing sth 做某件事是没用的?______?on a person who has no sense of responsibility.
a. to rely
b. relying
c. relied
d. rely
there is no use( in) doing sth 做某事是没用的
rely on 依赖
a sense of responsibility 责任感
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45. he is the?______?boy in our class.
a.?longest 长
b.?highest
c. widest 宽
d. tallest?身高
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part ⅲ? identification??挑错(10%)
directions: each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked a, b, c and d. identify the one that is not correct. then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
46. the moment?i saw?him, i knew?that he was an honestly?=honest?gentleman.
a????????b ???????c ????????????????d
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47. no sooner had?he arrived in?new york when?—than?he went to see?the great buildings.
a??????????b ??????????c ????????d
no sooner than
hardly when
=as soon as 一。。。。就。。。
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48. collecting?toy cars as?a hobby?become=became?increasingly popular during?the past 50?years.
a ??????????b ?????????c ?????????????????????d
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49. this is such?a beautiful day that?everyone?around us feel=feels?like going out?for a walk.
a ???????????????b ?????????????????c ???????????????d
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50. people who exercise?get better?sleep and often feel more energetic than?those?who doesnt—don’t .?
a ???????b ??????????????????????????????c ????????????d
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51. just alike—like?与。。一样each culture has a different spoken?language,?so?each culture has?a?different body
a ??????????????????????????b ??????????c ??????????d
language.肢体语言
just like?,就像，正如
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52. parents should?remember that be=being?friends with?their children?is a better way?to?know them.
a???????????????b ???????c ??????????????????d
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53. the goods?we use today arent?as?well ===good as?they used to be. 过去那样
a????????????????b ?????c ??????????d
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54. of the two lectures, the first?was by far the best?=better?one, partly because?the person?who delivered it
??????????????????????a ??????????????b ?????????????c
had?such a sweet voice.
d
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55. during world war ii, five million?women were left lonely孤独的，表示情感=alone?单独，状态to take care of?their?homes.
a ???????????????b ?????????????????c ????????d
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part iv?? cloze??(10%)
directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked a, b, c and d at the end of the passage. you should choose one answer that best fits into the passage. then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
for some behaviors行为 in animals，there is little否定词，没有 proof for strong genetic（基因的）determination.?not only?are there many environmental and historical changes in behavior patterns行为模式, ?56?but?we also?know that some of them are passed on 传递给from one generation to the ?57 . they are “cultural”.
56.
a.?so
b. or
c. as
d. but
57.
a. next
b. past
c. last
d. prior
the term ?here??58 ?social traditions. one ?59??of animal culture is the well-studied food-handling behavior of the group of japanese ms living ?60 ?the small, wooded island?of koshima. these ms ?61 ?to live in the forests, but japanese researchers came and started to feed them by ?62 ?sweet potatoes?on the sandy beach. soon, the ms began to leave the forests and ?63??the sweet?potatoes on the beach. about a year ?64 ?the feeding started, a young female m?was ?65??to wash the potatoes in a nearby river. she actively and successfully ?66 ?the sand on them. within the next few years, potato-washing spread ?67 ?the group,?and the practice was carried ?68 ?from the river to the sea. ?69 ??potato-washing in?the sea,?several other habits ?70??with feeding on the sandy beach are now well?established形成了 in the m group. the habits are passed from mothers and other group?members to the babies.
58.
a. refers?to指的是
b. tells?区别，告诉
c. means指的是
d. offers提供
59.
a. lesson
b. passage
c. example
d. response
60.
a. with
b. on
c. for
d. in
61.
a. decided
b. used过去
c. refused
d. hoped
62.
a. sweeping?扫
b. planting种
c. watering洗
d. scattering?扔
63.
a. eat
b. touch
c. drop
d. buy
64.
a. after
b. before
c. because
d. though
65.
a. expected
b. designed
c. surprised
d. observed被看到
66.
a. impressed
b. removed去除
c. covered覆盖
d. replaced代替
67.
a. with
b. beside
c. through
d. outside
68.
a. out?进行
b. in
c. above
d. at
69.
a. above
b. despite
c. except?除了（减去）
d. besides除了（加上）
70.
a. associating
b. associated?with?与。。。相关的
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c. explaining
d. explained
japanese ms are not the only animals to have ?71??their behaviors. in many cities and towns, european red foxes have successfully changed some of their behaviors in ?72?order目的是??to?get used to?适应their new city life over a short period of time. obviously, this is not the ?73 ?of the selection of genes基因的选择．the same is ?74 ?of common racoons（浣熊）in america. the course of the evolution（进化）of behavior cannot be adequately described and understood without ?75 “culture as an active factor. the cultural factor affects the selection of genes.
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71.
a. reduced?减少
b. left?离开
c. altered?改变
d. forgot?忘记
72.
a. sight
b. addition
c. memory
d. order
73.
a. result结果
b. mind?想法
c. tool工具
d. threat威胁
74.
a. wrong
b. true?。。也是如此
c. right
d. false
75.
a. developing发展，开发
b. searching?寻找
c. considering考虑
d. remembering记住
he is a teacher and it is true of his mother.
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part ⅴ?translation???(20%)
section a
directions: in this part, there are five sentences which you should translate into chinese. these sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of reading comprehension. you can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.
76. the type of food?youre air frying?can make a difference?when it comes to your health.
你进行空气煎炸的食物的种类会对你的健康带来不同的影响。
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77. sibling rivalry is hard to deal with.=cope?with
兄弟姐妹之间的敌对（争宠）是很难处理的。
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78. the other is to avoid comparing?siblings with?each other.
avoid doing sth 避免做某事
compare ..with 与。。。作对比
另一个是避免把兄弟姐妹相互作比较。
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79. grange and her colleagues?–coworker?came up with the idea提出想出?of a ranking tool排名工具 in the spring of 2017.
grange和她的同事在2017年春天想出一个排名的工具。
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80. its a tool everyone can use.
这个工具每个人都能使用。
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section b
directions: in this part there are five sentences in chinese. you should translate them into english. be sure to write clearly.
81. 一下火车，我就看见妈妈在车站等我。
as soon as i got off the train, i saw my mother waiting?for me at the station.
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82. 她听到孩子在大声哭泣。
she?heard the child crying?loudly.
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83. 令我们惊讶的是，他今天没有来学校。
to our surprise, he didn’t come to school.
to one’s +名词
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84. 因为这几天很忙，所以他今天不会来了。
he would not come because he was busy these days.
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85. 通常他十二点才上床睡觉。
usually, he goes to bed until 12:00.
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